CT imaging is built up of three main components; the patient couch, x-ray tube and the detectors, which rotate inside the gantry around the patient, acquiring and collecting attenuation data. The...
In order to understand how to prevent equine obesity, it is first important to recognise what the term obesity actually refers to. Obesity is a qualitative term (Wyse et al, 2008), defined as an...
Track systems involve placing a track around the outside of a field or several fields, and keeping the horses on this tracked area rather than in a central paddock. Items such as water, shelter, hay...
Mammalian kidneys have considerable reserve capacity. Loss of concentrating ability does not typically occur until two thirds of nephron function has been lost, and nitrogenous waste accumulation does...
Lymphoma displays no explicit age bias and cases have been reported in fetuses (Haley and Spraker, 1983) through to geriatrics. However, specific forms of the disease have been anecdotally reported to...
A total of seven horses met the criteria for inclusion, including two Thoroughbreds, one Arabian X, one Welsh Pony, one Riding Pony, one Standardbred and one Warmblood. There were three geldings and...
When a horse ingests or inhales S. equi, the bacteria move quickly to the lymph nodes around the head – most commonly the submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. By entering a lymph node,...
The first cervical vertebra (C1) or atlas has no ‘body’ or articular processes, though the cranial fovea articulate with the occipital condyles, and has a flattened shape caudocranially, with two...
Sacroiliac joints are atypical diarthrodial joints, forming the articulation between the ventral aspect of the ilium and the sacral wing (Figure 1). The sacroiliac joint is angled at approximately 30°...
Data from 30 horses were included in the analysis. The sample consisted of 12 mares and 18 geldings of mixed breeds (10 Warmblood, four Thoroughbred, seven Cob, three Connemara ponies and six Irish...
The causes of injury during the time a bandage is on and once it has been removed can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary injury refers to the time that the bandage is still in place, when...
Considering the signalment of the horse is important in order to identify any aspects which may affect anaesthetic risk. Studies have identified the following to be associated with higher risks during...