Veterinary

Figure 1. Equine mesenchymal stem cells in culture. These cells can be recovered from a variety of mesenchymal tissues, the most commonly used being bone marrow and fat, but blood, umbilical cord and teeth are other sources that have been developed for clinical use.

Regenerative medicine in equine orthopaedics: what and when?

Platelet-rich plasma/concentrate (PRP) has gained popularity in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries and, more recently, joint disease. Platelet-rich plasma contains high levels of those...

Figure 5. Ultrasound assisted liver biopsy. The white marks on the horse's coat just outside the shaved area are the guidance marks placed during the preparatory ultrasound. The biopsy needle should be pre-marked for the correct depth.

Equine liver disease in the field. Part 1: approach

The equine liver comprises 1.5% of body weight (Dyce et al, 2002) and contains up to 10% of the total blood volume at any one time. It has multiple functions including metabolism of proteins,...

Figure 2. Case 1 undergoing nebulised dexamethasone therapy using the Flexineb® mask nebuliser system.

Embracing the Cascade part 3: clinical decision making in equine asthma

Environmental management is a fundamental requirement for all horses with equine asthma, irrespective of severity. Failure to address the underlying airway insult by reducing specific and non-specific...