Veterinary

Figure 1. Two horses diagnosed with over-riding dorsal spinous processes, demonstrating antalgic posture and imbalanced muscle patterns.

Veterinary physiotherapy for back pain in the horse

Veterinary physiotherapy assessment of the back region follows a thorough history taking from the owner or rider, during which the clinical signs of back pain during riding and when not ridden should...

Figure 2. Multiple bee stings can cause multi-organ damage in victims.

Summer poisoning hazards

Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS) https://www.vpisglobal.com/ American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Animal Poison Control Center:...

Avoiding pitfalls in today's pre-purchase examinations

Practices must have a clear booking policy and reception staff should be suitably experienced to manage PPE enquiries in a timely fashion, as this is an increasingly complex role (Werner, 2015a;...

Figure 1. The paired winged fruits (samaras) of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) containing two seeds. Only the seeds contain hypoglycin A.

Atypical myopathy

Atypical myopathy is seasonal and occurs in horses at pasture that eat the seeds and seedlings of sycamore or box elder. Various factors may be involved but most cases occur in the autumn from...

Figure 7. This is the same horse as Figure 5. Radiograph (dorsolateral-palmaromedial oblique) of a comminuted displaced fourth metatarsal fracture (A). The fracture plane and distal fragment were surgically resected (B).

Management of splint bone fractures

Conservative management strategies are best suited to minimally displaced splint bone fractures, whether open or closed, simple or comminuted. Treatment consisting of thorough debridement and lavage,...

Figure 7. Low-volume lavage catheter and fluids.

Uterine diagnostics: what is the best sample?

Mares with uterine disease most commonly present as cases of poor fertility, including failure to conceive, pregnancy loss or abortion. Mares with a history of uterine fluid accumulation, abnormal or...

Nutritional management of equine gastric ulcers

Equine gastric ulcers are reported in all ages and breeds of horse. The incidence of equine squamous gastric disease in researched cohorts is reported to be between 11–92% (Murray et al, 1989;...

Figure 4. An overweight donkey with a condition score of 4.

Weight management and feeding requirements for geriatric donkeys

Healthy geriatric donkeys mostly require a basic diet of good quality barley, oat or wheat straw, and limited access to grass. Donkeyspecific vitamin and mineral requirements have not been...

Approach to clinical nutrition

Overall, when forming a nutrition plan, the following key areas need to be considered. In addition, when advising on animals which may be competing under specific regulations, it is essential that the...

Figure 1. a) The mane of a pony that has suffered from chronic insect bite hypersensitivity. Note the shortening of the hairs and the dull brittle nature of the hair ends. b) The tail of the same pony. The hairs are almost absent here, giving the pony a ‘rat-tail’ appearance.

Approaching the future management of sweet itch

Although many different approaches for treatment of insect bite hypersensitivity have been described, the most effective method is the avoidance of Culicoides allergens. Avoidance or reduced allergen...

Figure 2. A foal showing the classic signs of strangles as a result of enlargement of abscesses in the lymph nodes, which are obstructing the airway.

Unsaddling Streptococcus equi infection of horses

Horses become infected with S. equi via the nose or mouth, most likely through ingestion of contaminated food or water (Figure 1) (Boyle et al, 2018). The bacteria attaches to and invades the mucosal...

Breeding with frozen semen: what are the considerations?

There have been concerns that frozen semen is associated with increased problems, such as accumulation of uterine fluid and persistent-breeding induced endometritis (PBIE). However, from the research...